Machine for crushing or grinding



Apr. 10, 1923.

G. H. FRASER MACHINE FOR GRUSHING 0R GRINDING Original Filed Mar.

N-VENTOR:

hf W 1% N. i a

Q sms Rpm 10,1923. 1,451,151

I j G. H. FRASER I MACHINE FOR IRUSHING 0R GR INDING Original Filed Mar. 16, 1905 I 2- sheetssheet '2 INVENTOR;

Patented Apr. 10, 1%23.

STTES rare GEORGE H. FRASER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

MACHINE FOB CRUSHING OR GRINDING.

Original application filed March 16, 1905, Serial No. 250,474. Divided and this application filed. February 2, 1917, Serial No. 146,221. Renewed June fl, 1922. Serial N0.'566,899. i

To all LU/1.07M it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. FRASER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Crushing or Grinding, being a division of my application filed March 16, 1905, Serial No. 250,474, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machinery for crushing, grinding or pulverizing materials, and aims to provide certain improvements therein.

The invention relates more particularly to rock crushers of the type having a plurality of crushing rolls within an annular die in which the crushing is effected between the periphery of the rolls and the inner face of the die. One example of this type of crusher is shown in the'patent ofH. L. Kent, granted May 7, 1901, No. 673,856, in which the die revolves and is held in position by the rolls. which latter are carried by shafts held in bearings at the outside of the easing, the bearings being carried by slideways and pressed outwardly by springs, so that the rolls may slide in and out radially of the ring. The top roll in this patent is shown as supporting the ring yieldingly, and the sliding frames carrying the shafts are of sectional construction, and both guide the shafts and transmit the crushing pressure from the springs to them.

My present invention aims to provide an improved crusher or pulverizer especially applicable to this general type.

To this end in carrying out my present invention in its preferred form, I provide an improved arrangement of die and rolls, improved means for carrying the roll shafts, improved means for guiding such shafts, and various details of improvement in the construction andarrangement of the various parts of the crusher. all of which will be hereinafter more fully set forth with reference to the accompanying drawings, in

which.

F ig 1. is a fragmentary side elevation of "a pulverizer embodying the preferred form of my invention, the view being partly broken away to show two of the yokes in section cut on the lines 11 in Fig. 2, and

- Fig.

is a rear elevation thereof partly in vertical section on the plane of the line 22 in Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow. i i 1 Referring to the drawin s, A is the casing, B is tliering or die, C, 5 and C are the crushing rolls, D, D and D are their shafts, E, E and E are their bearings, S and S are the crushing springs, and (Z d and d are adjusting screws. 7

The casing encloses therin; and rolls and supports them. The top rol in the construction shown carries the ring by acting against its inner face, and the other rolls press outwardly againstthe inner face to crush the rock between their peripheries and such face. Their pressure may be'adjuste'd 1 by the springs andadjusting' screws. The ring and rolls are driven in any suitablemanner, as by a driving pulley F on the shaft D for example. The feed delivers the rock on to the inner face of the ring, and

the crushed rock flows off the sides of the ring and falls out through an opening j in the bottom of the casing. The casing is made sectional to permit openingyas by being constructed as a base or bottom shell a and a cover or top shell 7). I y

I will now describe in detail the preferred form of my improvements as illustrated in the drawings.

According to one feature of improvement,

I preferably guide the bearings for the.

several shafts by a swinging guide or pivotal connection, so that/each can oscillate relatively to a predetermined axis if its movement radially of the ring is necessary. I prefer to so guide eachshaft bearing, and to carry all from one of the sections of the casing, preferably the top shelf 7), which for this purpose I provide with transverse bear- 1 iug c 0 in which are mounted shafts r/ g, the shaft 9 being connected to the bearing l] by links (it on opposite sides of the casin and by links G to the bearing 'Efl 'so that each of these hearings is supported pivotally from its centre, and the shaft g being connected by similar links G to the bearing E These connections permit the bearings to rock toward and from the center of the ring. but support them against thrusts in the direction of drive of'the ring, as well as in case of the lower bearings carrying part of their weight. The links are connected to the respective bearings by pins 2; traversing the ends of the links and holes in projections f on the bearings. The links may he loosely connected to the shafts g 9 but I prefer to connect only the links G loosely, so that they can rock independently of each other, and to key or otherwise rigidly connect the links G? and G to their shafts g and 9 respectively, so that these links and their shafts make a rigid frame extending around the casing, and ensuring parallel movement of the bearings at opposite sides of the latter. This construction attains a more advantageous guidance of the roll shafts than here tofore, and provides a much simpler and more economical means for correctly guiding them.

Accordingto another feature of improvement, I provide a rigid bearing frame preferably consisting of a. single U-shaped casting or yoke 2' straddling the casing and receiving the ends of the shaft at opposite sides thereof, so that these ends are assured of parallel bearings, and the number of parts necessary is reduced to the minimum. The bearing end j of each yoke is planed and covered by a. bearing cap and the projections 1 for the supporting links are preferably castintegral with the end. of the yoke sov as to support the hearing from. the yoke instead of from the cap, although I may support it from the latter. Each yoke is a relatively heavy casting in order to give not only the strength necessary to rigidity, but the weight desirable to the necessary crushing pressure or inertia. Each yoke is preferably formed with a spring pocket Z, comprising a recessed portion spaced apart from and extending outwardly of the side walls of the casing A, receiving the pressure springs S and S each of which is shown as disposed outwardly of the side wall and the casing and intermediate of this side wall and the yoke, and is seated opposite and extending within the recessed portion of the yoke, and each yoke has a. screwthreaded aperture m for the corresponding adjusting screw. The spring pocket is formed in a central enlargement a on the outer side of the yoke, which is connected by a rib 0 and side flanges y) wit-h the bearing end The side flanges or legs of the yoke preferably con-verge toward the center as seen in Fig. 1.

According to another feature of i inprovemerit I preferably mounted the top shaft so that it can have a downward yield and so it can be adjusted vertically. and so it can move upwardly in case of abnormal stress. This is preferably accomplished by mounting the yoke of each shaft bearing on springs S S seated on the outer part of the casing at or close to its opposite sides, and acting through bar .2 against the adjusting screw (Z of the yoke and thereby supporting the. latter from the casing at the desired fo-utward position relativelyto the latter. These springs are spaced apart and remote from the center, and preferably serve both as pressure springs and to resist tendency of the yoke to rock transversely of the casing by providing that such rocking would necessitate that the yoke should lift off from one of the springs in case it rocked on the other one. This provision is sufiicient to keep the yoke in its normal position except under exceptional shock or strain, when it may move momentarily to avoid breakage.

According to the preferred form of my invention two springs S and. S are used for each yoke, the springs being widely separated and clamped at predetermined pressures by bolts 12* and spring buttons w against or between the ends of two rocking members, shown as extending axially externally of and across the die and without, and projecting beyond each side of, the casing, as the ends of the levers m resting on the casing A, the free end of each lever embracing the spring button of the spring engaging the clamped end of the other lever, and the yoke being provided with a hearing or screw 1 opposite the free end of each lever, so that when. the yoke rocks in one direction this hearing screw will contact with the adjacent free end of one lever and tilt it on an axis at right angles to the axis of the die to transmit the stress from one to the other side of the die so as to press both springs S S thus utilizing the tensions of both springs to prevent rocking of the yoke. In this construction the adjusting .screw (Z of the yoke acts against the center of a bar 2 the'ends of which bear on the spring buttons, so that the tensions of the springs is transmitted to the center of the yoke. irrespective of their relative adjustment, and there is no tendency of the springs to tilt the yoke.

. The top yoke is also guided at its upper part by a link H on each side, which extends from the shaft 9 upwardly. as seen in Fig. 1. These links H may be used with the guides s as shown.

To retain the top yoke against falling sidewise, l prefer to provide a guide additionally carried yieldingly by the casing, as the upwardly projecting guide 8 seen in 1. These guides loosely receive the yoke near its center and limit its motion in forwarder rearward direction. For adjustit vertically, I prefer to use an adjusting screw (Z screwing into its spring pocket Z. which screw may be adjusted directly or through suitable intermediate provisions to lift the yoke more or less from thetop casing. As shown the casing is provided with a projection 25, affording a bracket or shelf between the side wall of the casing and the yoke and preferably opposite the recessed portion of the letter, at each side opposite each yoke which projections on the casing are used as spring holding provisions for maintaining the springs in proper relation to the yoke in each instance. These are preferably long enough to support the outer end of the yoke through the medium of the spring, in case this is desired. The bar 2- is identical with similar bars which are used between the adjusting screw and springs for each of the lower yokes.

Another feature of improvement C011. sists in utilizing the weight of the lower yokes as an auxiliary means of generating crushing pressure. This I preferably accomplish by utilizing the angularity of the pivoted supports for the lower bearings, so that the weight carried by them tends to force the rolls outwardly against the inner face of the ring, and preferably by supporting the outer ends of the lower bearings by pivotal connections so disposed that the tendency of these ends to fall under their weight is resisted by the pivotal support in such a way as to use the latter in the nature of a toggle joint. As shown, this is done by supporting the outer end of each lower yoke by a link H, which is fulcrumed to the lower casing at I and to the yoke at J, so thatit. movably supports this end of the yoke from the casing, and tends to move the end of the yoke outwardly as the outer end -of the link is depressed. To carry the link H, the yoke is formed with ears w between which the link is pivoted, and the base is formed with ears a between which the link is pivoted.

In machines of this character the crushing pressure has been carried on the bearings. TV hen the machine is empty, the rolls run directly against the face of the ring, but when material is fed on to the inner face the rolls are more or less separated from this face by the thickness of the layer ofmaterial being crushed which rests on the face. "The greater this thickness the greater the crushing pressure to be resisted by the bearings.

in crushers of this type the ring is generally provided with a concave crushing face, and the rolls with convex faces.

I provide an improved dust guard for closing the casing around each driving shaft. This consists of a sheetmetal plate c and a disk 6 which is supported by lips c on the bearing cap, and has a central aperture fitting around the shaft. The disk 72 has a leaf spring (l engaging the bearing frame and tending to force the disk toward the cap, and has projections e engagingthe lips on the cap. A spring f surrounding the shaft forces the disk away from the bearing and toward the plate on the casing. This spring reacts against a dust ring 9 which fits on the shaftoverhanging the shoulder i there of, and'fits within a pocket .lzPin the bearing to keep dust from blowing into the latter;

The plates a are shaped to coverthe shaft 1 slots j in the casing, and have integral hooks bent inwardly around the walls of these slots to hold the plates in position. All the plates have a central opening a for passing the corresponding shaft. The disk b is large enough to cover this opening in all normal positions of the shaft it is carried by. Inf-operaticim'the ring and rolls will be driven to make the side of thering'near the feed end of the casing'move in a downward direction, andat suflicient speed to cause the: material to be crushed to be held on the inner face of the ring by centrifugal force. The feed will enter through the chutes, fall on to the inner face of the ring, and be crushed as it passes the rolls. The speed of feed will be adjusted to approximately maintain a predetermined depth of material on the inner face of the ring. p

It willbe seen that my invention Provides improvements which can be variously and advantageously availed of, and it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular combination of features and details of construction orarrangement herein described as constituting its preferred form, but that it can be employed in whole or in part according to such modifications as circumstances or the judgment of those skilled in the art may dictate, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

hat I claim is:

1. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a movable and rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the internal face of said;die, means for revolvingone of said parts, a casing comprising a wall at the side of and enclosing said die and roll and having a spring sustaining projection extended outward beyond the outer.

side of said side wall, a movable non-r0- tative member on which said roll is rotatably mounted disposed outwardly of the outer side of said side wall and spaced apart from and movable relatively to said projection, aspring disposed outwardly of the outer side of said side wall and inwardly of said non-rotati've member and between the latter and said projection for pressing said roll outwardly toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom reacting toward and sustained by said projection.-

2. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately 'vertical' plane and having an lnternalcrushingface, a movable and rotatable'crushing roll within andeccentric of'said die and having ape-" ripheral crushing face reciprocal to the internal face of said die, meansfor reyolvlng one of sald parts, a casmg COIDPIlSlIlg a of said side wall.

wall at the side of andenclosing said die and roll and comprising a portion extending axially outward beyond the outer side of said wall and affording a spring support beyond the outer side of said side wall, a pivotally mounted movable'non-rotative member on which said roll is rotatably mounted disposed outwardly of said side Wall and pivoted to swing radially of said die toward and from said supporting portion, and a spring disposed outwardly of the outer side of said side wall and intermediate of said non-rm tat-ive member and said supporting portion, acting outwardly toward said non-rotative member to press said roll toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom, and reacting toward said supportingportion outwardly of the outer side 3. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, three movable and rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, a casing comprising a wall at the side of and enclosing said die and rolls and comprising spring supporting means extending axially outward beyond the outer side of said side wall, movable non-rotative members on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively spaced apart from said supporting means and each comprising a portion outwardly of and opposite the outer side of said side wall and movable toward and from one another, and springs reacting radially of said die and disposed outwardly of the outer side of said side wall and inwardlyof said nonrotative members and between the latter and said supporting means, acting toward said no rrotative members to press said rolls toward the inner face of said die to resist a "crushing pressure therefrom and reacting toward said supporting means.

4. In combination, an annular crushing die revolvingin an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a movable and rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the internal face ofs'aid die, means for revolving one of said parts, a casing comprising a, wall at the side of and enclosing said die and roll and comprising a portion extending axially outward beyond the outer side of said side wall, a movable non-rotative member on which said roll is rotatably mounted comprising a portion outwardly of and opposite and spaced apart from the outer side of said side wall, and a spring disposed outwardlyof the outer sideof said side wall and inwardly of said spaced portion of said movable member and mounted on said extending portion and acting on said movable member to press said roll toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom.

' 5. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and'having a peripheral able positioning means for maintaining alignment'of said non-rotative means mounted axially of said roll across said die. and having portions at each side of the latter opposite said non-rotative means at each side of said die.

6. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supporting said parts, nonrotative movable means at each side of said roll on which said roll is rotatably mounted, pressing means for pressing said roll toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom, and yielding positioning means disposed inwardly of and opposite. said non-rotative means and axially of said roll across said die and having portions opposite said non-rotative means at each side of said die and acting on said non-rotative means to resist movement of the latter out of parallel with the axis of said die.

7. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentrc of said die and having peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supporting said parts, non-rotative movable means at each side of said roll on which said roll is rotatably mounted, pressing means for pressing said roll toward the inner face of said die to resist a crush ing pressure therefrom, and rocking means across said die axially of said roll and inwardly of said non-rotative means and dis-- posed opposite thelatter ateach side of said die, acting on said non-rotative meansto resist movement of the latter but of parallel with the axis of said. die.

.8. In combination, an annular crushingdie revolving in an approximately vertical P a and h v g an' n r a h ng a e,

a r ta able a hin e11 wi h n n se 1+ trio of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supporting said parts, nonrotati've movable means at each side of said roll on which said roll is rotatably mounted, pressing means for pressing said roll toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom, and relatively movable rocking means inwardly of and opposite said non-rotative means respectively disposed axially of said roll and yielding means mounted on said relatively movable means communicating the stress of one to another, to resist unequal movement of said non-rotative means radially of said die.

9. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll Within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supporting said parts, nonrotative movable means at each side of said roll on which said roll is rotatably mounted, pressing means for pressing said roll toward the inner face of said die to resist a crush ing pressure therefrom, and communicating means disposed axially of and across said die and having outwardly projecting portions at each side of the latter inwardly of and opposite said non-rotative means at each side of the die acting on said non-rota tive means to communicate stress thereon from one to the other side of said die.

10. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a movable and rotatably crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supporting said parts, nonrotative movable means at each side of said roll on which said roll is rotatably mounted, yielding means at each side of said dieinwardly of and opposite and acting on said non-rotative means at each side of said die respectively to hold said roll outwardly to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die, and a cross connection extended axially of said die between said yielding means for communicating stress across from one to the other side of said die. 1

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE H. FRASER.

Witnesses:

ANTONIO BUONO, Josnrn P. Train. 

